Vitamins and Minerals

Some vitamins I take in daily are vitamin B6 from the cereal I eat and vitamin A from milk and mangos. Some minerals are iron from red meat and pork also magnesium from whole grain.

Two similarites vitamins and minerals have is that they both fuel body for everyday activites and they can be found in the foods that you eat. Two differences are vitamins are organic substances while minerals are inorganic substances and sometimes your body needs a bigger intake of some minerals while vitamins are all equal.

Some healthy fats are unsaturated fats, polyunsaturated fats, and monounsaturated fats. You can find these fats in foods like avocados, sesame oils, fish, olives, and most nuts and their oils. It's important to have fats in your diet because its helps teen develop during puberty when your body grows really fast, also fats are used to absorb some vitamins that are essential for growth.

What I Learned

One thing I learned about is the difference between nature and nurture, nature you are born into but it all depends on your environment and the way people treat you that determines who you are. Also a mother that is pregnant and is Rh-, can cause problems to her baby if it is Rh+. Then I learned how to get use to making a dihybrid cross.

First Activity:

1. The short-haired allele is dominant to the long-haired allele so you couldn't determine the long-haired genotype of a short-haired cat just by looking at it. A heterozygous genotype would override the recessive allele.

2. You could determine the genotype of an Agouti cat by doing a test cross. If it is homozygous dominant than the offspring will all have striped fur. If it is heterozygous than the offspring will be 50% striped and 50% not striped.

3. They want to figure out why and how these genes don't resemble neither homozygotes.

4.  BB x BB= BB, BB, BB, and BB ( 100% of the offspring will be black)

5. Maybe the pattern on its fur can be used as a camouflage, to hide from its predator. And since it can't be seen they could live longer.

6. Yes, because the dominant white allele overrides all of the other pigmentation genes.

7. Some factors that determine allele frequency are eye color and fur color. No, it is not always the most frequent allele at a locus.

8. Their genotype is Tt. And maybe it will increase over time.

Second Activity:

1. The results of both experiments seem to be completely different.

2. Compared to the second experiment, it seems like Mendel's results were probably set up.

Third Activity:

1.a. not possible
   b. either A+, A-, O+, or O-
   c. either A+, A-, AB+, or AB-
   d. either A, AB, B, or O
   e. either A, AB, B, or O
   f. unlikely

2. No, because the child's blood must have some kind of "resemblance" to its' parent's blood




 Partner: Leeanna Singleton

Heredity Web Quest

1. Scientists were trying to complete sequence of the 3 billion DNA subunits (bases), identify all human genes, and make them accessible for further biological study. When scientist learn more about our body the more they can do to help cure our sicknesses and diseases.

2. When cops try to figure out who or what committed the crime the first they do is search the crime scene for evidence. The most helpful piece of evidence is usually DNA, because they could test the DNA and figure out right away who or what did it

3. I read an article about Prince William and his baldness. Apparently the balding trait has been passed down his family from his grandfather to his father and now his father to him. But they also mention that Prince Williams younger brother Prince Harry has a full head of fluffy hair. Why? I thought but then i remember dominant and recessive alleles. The balding trait must have been dominant in Prince William but recessive in Prince Harry.

4. The people in charge of the Epigenome of Human Project are the Human Epigenome Consortium. The HEC aim to identify, catalogue and interpret genome-wide DNA methylation patterns of all human genes in all major tissues. Doing this will help control the correct expression of genes.

Osmosis

     Osmosis is the movement of water from a high water concentrated place through a semi-permeable membrane to a place of lower concentration of water. Semi-permeable membranes, like the cell membrane, are very thin layers of material which prevents some things to go through while allowing some things to go through. It will allow water molecules to pass through because they are small enough to fit. Molecules such as sucrose, starch, and protein are too big to go through the membrane.

     If there is more solute in a solution, then the lower concentration of water in that solution. The water will then move to that low concentration of water leaving the solute outside the membrane. Then the water will try to bring the solute with it creating, osmotic pressure, because the solute is too big to fit through the membrane. It is also because molecules on both sides are bumping into the membrane. The water molecules will continue to move right-left resulting in left-right. But something could stop that if the bigger molecule were to block a pore in the membrane.

The Six Kingdoms

 There are six kingdoms. The six kingdoms are Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista. Some of the Kingdoms have a complex cell structure and others a simple cell structure. The kingdoms that have a complex cell structure are called eukaryotes. The eukaryotic kingdoms are Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista. The ones that have a simple cell structures are the the prokaryotes. The prokaryotic kingdoms are Archaebacteria and the Eubacteria.

   The species involved with cell reproduction in some kingdoms can be both asexually and sexually.  Those kingdoms are Plantae, Fungi, and Protista. Animalia is sexually and Archaebacteria and Eubacteria are asexually. A fun fact about Archaebacteria is that they like to live in salty environments like Utah's Great Salt Lake.

Osmosis vs. Diffusion

What is osmosis?

When molecules of solvent pass through a membrane from a higher to lower concentration of ions.

What is diffusion?

When something is spread.

What is the difference between the two?

Osmosis is all about water molecules while diffusion is about anything going from high to low concentration.

Is energy used in either process?

None of the require energy.

What is concentration gradient? Give an example.

Concentration is the gradual change in the concentration of solvents. An example is osmosis.

How do the terms solvent and solute fit in learning about osmosis and diffusion?

A solvent is what the liquid is when it is being dissolved and solute is the solution dissolved in the solvent.

Is water always a solvent?

No, because another example of a solvent is an alcohol solution.